Summary: As of MySQL 5.0, renaming a table is trivial with the "rename table" function. Renaming a column was a little cryptic, even looking at the documentation. Here are a couple of concrete examples.
To rename a table from "lu_wind_direction" to "lu_direction":
mysql> rename table lu_wind_direction to lu_direction;
To rename a column called "wind_direction_id" to "direction_id" in the table named "spacetime":
mysql> alter table spacetime change wind_direction_id direction_id tinyint(3) unsigned;
So, when renaming a column, it's just the original name first, then after the new name, you need to include the column specifications and constraints.
Reference: http://kimbriggs.com/computers/computer-notes/mysql-notes/mysql-rename-table-column.file