This page pulls heavily from openSUSE's Software Management Command Line Comparison. It has been simplified and has added Arch to the comparison, as well as modified the order in which each distribution exists for the benefit of Arch users.
Users from other Linux distributions can benefit from pacman by using a simple wrapper: pacapt. The script could also be intended for Arch users having to temporarily deal with another distribution.
| Action | arch | redhat/fedora | debian/ubuntu | old suse | opensuse | gentoo | |
| Install a package(s) by name | pacman -S | yum install | apt-get install | rug install | zypper install zypper in | emerge [-a] | |
| Remove a package(s) by name | pacman -R | yum remove/erase | apt-get remove | rug remove/erase | zypper remove zypper rm | emerge -C | |
| Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. | pacman -Ss | yum search | apt-cache search | rug search | zypper search zypper se [-s] | emerge -S | |
| Upgrade Packages - Install packages which have an older version already installed | pacman -Syu | yum update | apt-get upgrade | rug update | zypper update zypper up | emerge -u world | |
| Upgrade Packages - Another form of the update command, which can perform more complex updates -- like distribution upgrades. When the usual update command will omit package updates, which include changes in dependencies, this command can perform those updates. | pacman -Syu | yum distro-sync | apt-get dist-upgrade | zypper dup | emerge -uDN world | ||
| Reinstall given Package - Will reinstall the given package without dependency hassle. | pacman -S | yum reinstall | apt-get install --reinstall | zypper install --force | emerge [-a] | ||
| Installs local package file, e.g. app.rpm and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies | pacman -U | yum localinstall | dpkg -i && apt-get install -f | zypper in /path/to/local.rpm | emerge | ||
| Updates package(s) with local packages and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies | pacman -U | yum localupdate | n/a | emerge | |||
| Use some magic to fix broken dependencies in a system | pacman dep level - testdb, shared lib level - findbrokenpkgs or lddd | package-cleanup --problems | apt-get --fix-broken | rug* solvedeps | zypper verify | revdep-rebuild | |
| Only downloads the given package(s) without unpacking or installing them | pacman -Sw | yumdownloader (found in yum-utils package) | apt-get --download-only | zypper --download-only | emerge --fetchonly | ||
| Remove dependencies that are no longer needed, because e.g. the package which needed the dependencies was removed. | pacman -Qdtq | pacman -Rs - | package-cleanup --leaves | apt-get autoremove | n/a | emerge --depclean | ||
| Downloads the corresponding source package(s) to the given package name(s) | Use ABS && makepkg -o | yumdownloader --source | apt-get source | zypper source-install | emerge --fetchonly | ||
| Remove packages no longer included in any repositories. | package-cleanup --orphans | ||||||
| Install/Remove packages to satisfy build-dependencies. Uses information in the source package. | automatic | yum-builddep | apt-get build-dep | zypper si -d | emerge -o | ||
| Add a package lock rule to keep its current state from being changed | ${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf modify IgnorePkg array | yum.conf <--”exclude” option (add/amend) | echo "$PKGNAME hold" | dpkg --set-selections | rug* lock-add | Put package name in /etc/zypp/locks | /etc/portage/package.mask | |
| Delete a package lock rule | remove package from IgnorePkg line in /etc/pacman.conf | yum.conf <--”exclude” option (remove/amend) | echo "$PKGNAME install" | dpkg --set-selections | rug* lock-delete | Remove package name from /etc/zypp/locks | /etc/portage/package.mask (or package.unmask) | |
| Show a listing of all lock rules | cat /etc/pacman.conf | yum.conf (research needed) | /etc/apt/preferences | rug* lock-list | View /etc/zypp/locks | cat /etc/portage/package.mask | |
| Add a checkpoint to the package system for later rollback | (unnecessary, done on every transaction) | rug* checkpoint-add | n/a | ||||
| Remove a checkpoint from the system | N/A | N/A | rug* checkpoint-remove | n/a | |||
| Provide a list of all system checkpoints | N/A | yum history list | rug* checkpoints | n/a | |||
| Rolls entire packages back to a certain date or checkpoint. | N/A | yum history rollback | rug* rollback | n/a | |||
| Undo a single specified transaction. | N/A | yum history undo | n/a | ||||
| Package information management | |||||||
| Get a dump of the whole system information - Prints, Saves or similar the current state of the package management system. Preferred output is text or XML. One version of rug dumps information as a sqlite database. (Note: Why either-or here? No tool offers the option to choose the output format.) | (see /var/lib/pacman/local) | (see /var/lib/rpm/Packages) | apt-cache stats | rug dump | n/a | emerge --info | |
| Show all or most information about a package. The tools\' verbosity for the default command vary. But with options, the tools are on par with each other. | pacman -[S|Q]i | yum list or info | apt-cache showpkg apt-cache show | rug info | zypper info zypper if | emerge -S; emerge -pv; eix | |
| Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. | pacman -Ss | yum search | apt-cache search | rug search | zypper search zypper se [-s] | emerge -S | |
| Lists packages which have an update available. Note: Some provide special commands to limit the output to certain installation sources, others use options. | pacman -Qu | yum list updates yum check-update | apt-get upgrade -> n | rug list-updates rug summary | zypper list-updates zypper patch-check (just for patches) | emerge -uDNp world | |
| Display a list of all packages in all installation sources that are handled by the packages management. Some tools provide options or additional commands to limit the output to a specific installation source. | pacman -Sl | yum list available | apt-cache dumpavail apt-cache dump (Cache only) apt-cache pkgnames | rug packages | zypper packages | emerge -ep world | |
| Displays packages which provide the given exp. aka reverse provides. Mainly a shortcut to search a specific field. Other tools might offer this functionality through the search command. | pkgfile | yum whatprovides yum provides | apt-file search | rug what-provides | zypper what-provides zypper wp | equery belongs (only installed packages); pfl | |
| Display packages which require X to be installed, aka show reverse/ dependencies. rug\'s what-requires can operate on more than just package names. | pacman -Qi | yum resolvedep | apt-cache rdepends | rug what-requires | IN PROGRESS | equery depends | |
| Display packages which conflict with given expression (often package). Search can be used as well to mimic this function. rug\'s what-conflicts function operates on more than just package names | (none) | repoquery --whatconflicts | rug info-conflicts rug what-conflicts | IN PROGRESS | |||
| List all packages which are required for the given package, aka show dependencies. | pacman -[S|Q]i | yum deplist | apt-cache depends | rug info-requirements | IN PROGRESS | emerge -ep | |
| List what the current package provides | yum provides | rug info-provides | IN PROGRESS | ||||
| List the files that the package holds. Again, this functionality can be mimicked by other more complex commands. | pacman -Ql $pkgname pkgfile -l | yum provides | apt-file list | rug* file-list | IN PROGRESS | equery files | |
| List all packages that require a particular package | repoquery --whatrequires [--recursive] | ||||||
| Search all packages to find the one which holds the specified file. auto-apt is using this functionality. | pkgfile -s | yum provides yum whatprovides | apt-file search | rug* package-file rug what-provides | IN PROGRESS | equery belongs | |
| Display all packages that the specified packages obsoletes. | yum list obsoletes | apt-cache / grep | rug info-obsoletes | IN PROGRESS | |||
| Verify dependencies of the complete system. Used if installation process was forcefully killed. | testdb | yum deplist | apt-get check ? apt-cache unmet | rug verify rug* dangling-requires | n/a | emerge -uDN world | |
| Generates a list of installed packages | pacman -Q | yum list installed | apt-cache --installed | zypper | emerge -ep world | ||
| List packages that are installed but are not available in any installation source (anymore). | pacman -Qm | yum list extras | n/a | ||||
| List packages that were recently added to one of the installation sources, i.e. which are new to it. Note: Synaptic has this functionality, however apt doesn\'t seem to be the provider. | (none) | yum list recent | n/a | ||||
| Show a log of actions taken by the software management. | cat /var/log/pacman.log | yum history cat /var/log/yum.log | cat /var/log/dpkg.log | rug history | cat /var/log/zypp/history | located in /var/log/portage | |
| Clean up all local caches. Options might limit what is actually cleaned. Autoclean removes only unneeded, obsolete information. | pacman -Sc pacman -Scc | yum clean | apt-get clean apt-get autoclean | zypper clean | eclean distfiles | ||
| Add a local package to the local package cache mostly for debugging purposes. | cp $pkgname /var/cache/pacman/pkg/ | apt-cache add | n/a | cp $srcfile /usr/portage/distfiles | |||
| Display the source package to the given package name(s) | repoquery -s | apt-cache showsrc | n/a | ||||
| Generates an output suitable for processing with dotty for the given package(s). | apt-cache dotty | n/a | |||||
| Set the priority of the given package to avoid upgrade, force downgrade or to overwrite any default behavior. Can also be used to prefer a package version from a certain installation source. | ${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf Modify HoldPkg and/or IgnorePkg arrays | yum-plugin-priorities and yum-plugin-protect-packages | /etc/apt/preferences smart priority –set | zypper mr -p | ${EDITOR} /etc/portage/package.keywords Add a line with =category/package-version | ||
| Remove a previously set priority | /etc/apt/preferences smart priority --remove | zypper mr -p | ${EDITOR} /etc/portage/package.keywords remove offending line | ||||
| Show a list of set priorities. | apt-cache policy /etc/apt/preferences smart priority --show | n/a | cat /etc/portage/package.keywords | ||||
| Ignores problems that priorities may trigger. | n/a | ||||||
| Installation sources management | ${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf | ${EDITOR} /etc/yum.repos.d/${REPO}.repo | |||||
| Add an installation source to the system. Some tools provide additional commands for certain sources, others allow all types of source URI for the add command. Again others, like apt and yum force editing a sources list. apt-cdrom is a special command, which offers special options design for CDs/DVDs as source. | ${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf | ${EDITOR} /etc/yum.repos.d/${REPO}.repo | apt-cdrom add | rug service-add rug mount /local/dir | zypper service-add | layman, overlays | |
| Refresh the information about the specified installation source(s) or all installation sources. | pacman -Sy | yum clean expire-cache && yum check-update | apt-get update | rug refresh | zypper refresh zypper ref | layman -f | |
| Prints a list of all installation sources including important information like URI, alias etc. | cat /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist | cat /etc/yum.repos.d/* | rug service-list | zypper service-list | |||
| Disable an installation source for an operation | yum --disablerepo=${REPO} | ||||||
| Download packages from a different version of the distribution than the one installed. | yum --releasever=${VERSION} | ||||||
| Other commands | |||||||
| Start a shell Start a shell to enter multiple commands in one session | yum shell | apt-config shell | zypper shell | ||||
| Package Verification | |||||||
| Single package | rpm -V | debsums | rpm -V | rpm -V | equery check | ||
| All packages | rpm -Va | debsums | rpm -Va | rpm -Va | equery check | ||
| Package Querying | |||||||
| List installed local packages along with version | pacman -Q | rpm -qa | dpkg-query -l | emerge -e world | |||
| Display package information: Name, version, description, etc. | pacman -Qi | rpm -qi | dpkg-query -p | emerge -pv and emerge -S | |||
| Display files provided by package | pacman -Ql | rpm -ql (installed only) or repoquery -l (everything) | dpkg-query -L | equery files | |||
| Query the package which provides FILE | pacman -Qo | rpm -qf (installed only) or yum whatprovides (everything) | dpkg-query -S | equery belongs | |||
| Query a package supplied on the command line rather than an entry in the package management database | pacman -Qp | rpm -qp | dpkg-deb -I | ||||
| Show the changelog of a package | pacman -Qc | rpm -q --changelog | equery changes -f | ||||
| Search within installed packages | pacman -Qs | rpm -qa | grep foo | eix -I | ||||
| Building Packages | |||||||
| Build a package | makepkg -s | rpmbuild -ba (normal) mock (in chroot) | dpkg-buildpkg | rpmbuild -ba | rpmbuild -ba | ||
| Check for possible packaging issues | rpmlint | lintian | |||||
| List the contents of a package file | rpmls rpm -qpl | rpm -qpl | rpm -qpl | ||||
| Extract a package | tar -Jxvf | rpm2cpio | cpio -vid | ar vx | tar -zxvf data.tar.gz | rpm2cpio | cpio -vid | rpm2cpio | cpio -vid | ||
| Query a package supplied on the command line rather than an entry in the package management database | pacman -Qp | rpm -qp |
REFERENCES
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Pacman_Rosetta
